SKRIPSI DIGITAL
Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Laju Aliran Massa Fluida Dingin Terhadap Efektivitas Penukar Kalor Selongsong dan Tabung tipe Aliran Berlawanan Menggunakan Ansys Fluent = Analysis of Cold Fluid Mass Flow Rate Variations Effect on Counter-Flow Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger Effectiveness Using ANSYS Fluent
A shell and tube heat exchanger is one of the most widely used heat transfer devices in energy systems and industrial applications. Its performance is influenced by operating conditions,particularly the fluid mass flow rate. This study aims to analyze the effect of cold-fluid mass flowrate variations on the heat transfer rate,Log Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD), effectiveness,and flow characteristics of a counterflow shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Cold-water mass fow ratesof 0.1,0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 kg/s were applied to evaluate the gradual changes in heat exchangerperformance. Therminol 66 and Marlotherm SH were alternately used as comparative hot fluids dueto their different thermophysical properties, allowing their thermal responses to be evaluated underidentical geometry and operating conditions. The study was conducted numerically using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method with ANSYS Fluent 2026 R1.Water flowed throughthe tube side, while the hot fluid flowed through the shell side at a constant mass flow rate of 0.1kg/s. The inlet temperatures of the cold and hot fluids were maintained at 300 K and 373.15 K,respectively. The CFD model employed a selected mesh of 255,267 cells based on a grid independence test and showed good agreement with the reference data. The results indicate that increasing the cold-fluid mass flow rate increased the actual heat transfer rate and heat exchangereffectiveness.For Therminol 66, the actual heat transfer rate increased from 2.018 kW to 2.247kW,while the effectiveness increased from 15.16% to 16.90%. For Marlotherm SH, the actual heat transfer rate increased from 2.054 kW to 2.294 kW, while the effectiveness increased from 15.37% to 17.19%. The LMTD increased up to a cold-fluid mass flow rate of 0.4 kg/s,reaching maximumvalues of 66.404 K for Therminol 66 and 66.133 K for Marlotherm SH, before slightly decreasingat 0.5 kg/s. CFD visualization showed the formation of crossflow and recirculation zones on theshell side,while increasing the cold-fluid mass flow rate on the tube side increased the flow velocityand indicated a tendency toward flow maldistribution.Overall,increasing the cold-fluid mass flowrate within the investigated range improved the thermal performance of the heat exchanger,withthe highest effectiveness of 17.19% obtained using Marlotherm SH at a cold-fluid mass flow rate of 0.5kg/s.
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